It's an hour long video & extremely interesting, but if you don't want to watch the whole thing then the part about how music causes physical developments within our brain is found at the 10:00-14:24 minute mark.
I particularly liked Einstein's quote at 12:43; to paraphrase: he says that music was the vehicle that inspired his theory of relativity.
If you have the time, watch the whole video.
Also you may like http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-playing-an-instrument-benefits-your-brain-anita-collins This one is less than 5 minutes long.
This is the scholarly paper referenced in the Nova video & the Washington Post article. It's short, but scientific so it's somewhat challenging to read.
I gathered from it that the physical brain developments (they call them deformations) that are seen in adults are a result of intense musical study from child hood. They saw similar deformations in children after just 15 months of musical study. And while they were expecting to see enhanced brain function in the motor and auditory areas of the brain, they also saw unexpected enhancements in the frontal areas, the left posterior peri-cingulate, and left middle occipital region indicating that the brain & synapsis are very moldable. I saw this study used as a basis of another study where musical training was used to help people with brain injuries and diseases such as strokes & Alzheimer's develop new synaptic function around the damaged areas of the brain.
Thank you parent Shiree Clark!
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